Anyway, I digress. The point is that I'm unwilling to attempt anything that requires me to move more than 2-3 inches vertically or horizontally from my current position. Lucky for you, dear readers, my computer was only 2.36 inches away from me, the result of which is this blog post.
I recalled a reader comment from one of my earliest posts asking that I discuss Tagalog grammar and vocabulary. And I thought, today's the day. Up until now you've been treated to humorous and light-hearted posts on baby powder and mega-spiders. You may have read my blog thinking you'd get a break from your laborious job or marathon study sessions. No more, my friends! This blog is no longer fluff that you read after finishing your US Weekly magazine or watching General Hospital. This blog is getting serious. This blog is teaching you Tagalog.
Today's blog entry is brought to you by the letter "V," for VERBS. That's right, we're taking on some conjugation. Normally I wouldn't start with this, but verbs are something I know and they don't require me to look anything up (which would mean moving from my current position, see above). Verbs in Tagalog do not have tenses like verbs in English (i.e., past, present, and future). They have aspects. In practice, these aspects (Action Begun Completed (ABC), Action Begun Not Completed (ABNC), and Action Not Begun (ANB)) match up almost exactly with English tenses. Action Begun Completed = Past; Action Begun Not Completed = Present; Action Not Begun = Future. I am told, however, the main difference lies in the usage of the present tense/aspect. Something that would be spoken of using a past tense verb in English may, in Tagalog, use the equivalent of the present tense verb. So Tagalog speakers would view as ongoing (hence, present) something that is in the past to English speakers. For example, "I lived in the United States." Because I currently live in the Philippines I would use "lived" (past tense) rather than "live" (present tense) to express my previous residence in the United States. Tagalog speakers, however, would not use their equivalent of a past tense verb to describe this. They would use their present tense (Action Begun Not Completed). Even though I am currently living in the Philippines they still view me as presently living in the United States. It's not as if I renounced my citizenship and have no intention of ever living in the US again. The action is still ongoing. Thus, Tagalog speakers would use the Action Begun Not Completed (present) verb to describe this. These are, however, pretty technical, advanced differences that the beginning Tagalog learner need not concern herself with.
The nice thing about Tagalog is that there are very clear-cut rules for verb conjugation. Generally speaking, if you know the "type" of verb, you know how to conjugate it. The difficulty is memorizing what type of verb each is. There are three main verb types: "um," "mag," and "ma" verbs. There are more than these, and the prefix can also change depending whether you're expressing directionality (pa-), position (naka-), etc. There are also different focuses (actor, object, beneficiary, locative, and instrumental), which change how the verbs are conjugated. For this blog post I will discuss only Actor Focus conjugations, mainly because Actor Focus is what I use when I speak (and I don't know the others nearly as well). Here's an example sentence, in Actor Focus: "I ate the pineapple yesterday." = "Kumain ako ng pinya kahapon."
- "kain" is the verb 'to eat.' It's an "um" verb and I'm using it in the past tense, so the conjugation is "kumain."
- "ako" means "I" and is the topic of the sentence. Here "ako" is the topic because the sentence is written in actor focus, which means the topic is the doer of the action, I (ako).
- "ng" is a non-topic marker; because the focus is on the doer, the receiver of the action (the pineapple) receives the non-topic marker 'ng.'
- "pinya" means pineapple.
- "kahapon" means yesterday.
Below are examples and conjugations of the three main verb forms:
UM verbs:
| Root Verb | Meaning | Imperative | Infinitive | ANB (future) | ABNC (present) | ABC (past) |
| kain | to eat | kumain | kumain | kakain | kumakain | kumain |
| bili | to buy | bumili | bumili | bibili | bumibili | bumili |
| punta | to go | pumunta | pumunta | pupunta | pumupunta | pumunta |
| takbo | to run | tumakbo | tumakbo | tatakbo | tumatakbo | tumakbo |
MAG verbs:
| Root Verb | Meaning | Imperative | Infinitive | ANB (future) | ABNC (present) | ABC (past) |
| basa | to read | magbasa | magbasa | magbabasa | nagbabasa | nagbasa |
| trabaho | to work | magtrabaho | magtrabaho | magtatrabaho | nagtatrabaho | nagtrabaho |
| turo | to teach | magturo | magturo | magtuturo | nagtuturo | nagturo |
| biyahe | to travel | magbiyahe | magbiyahe | magbibiyahe | nagbibiyahe | nagbiyahe |
MA verbs:
| Root Verb | Meaning | Imperative | Infinitive | ANB (future) | ABNC (present) | ABC (past) |
| tulog | to sleep | matulog | matulog | matutulog | natutulog | natulog |
| kita | to see | makita | makita | makikita | nakikita | nakita |
| nood | to look/view | manood | manood | manonood | nanonood | nanood |
| tuto | to learn | matuto | matuto | matututo | natututo | natuto |
I hope this post gives you a little insight into the Tagalog language. Unfortunately the heat coming from my laptop is making me sweat, so I need to end for now. I'll try to think of another good Tagolog-related post for the future.






